Data communication is the process of transferring data or information from one point to another through a medium such as a computer network or telecommunications system. This includes the transmission, reception, and processing of data, as well as the protocols and technologies used to ensure reliable and efficient communication. Data communication encompasses a wide range of technologies and methods, including wired and wireless communication, data encoding and encryption, error detection and correction, and network protocols. It is essential for enabling communication between devices, systems, and users in various applications such as the Internet, telecommunications, and computer networks. Research in data communication focuses on improving the speed, reliability, and security of data transfers, as well as developing new technologies and protocols to support the increasing demands of modern communication systems. This includes studying network performance, developing new transmission techniques, and exploring new methods for data encryption and authentication. Overall, research in data communication plays a crucial role in advancing communication technology and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of data transfer in various applications.